O 13º salário foi implementado no Brasil em 1962, num contexto de forte tensão ideológica entre esquerda e direita, influenciada pela Guerra Fria. Inicialmente proposto pelo deputado Aarão Steinbruch, o benefício visava apoiar trabalhadores e amenizar a inflação, em meio a reivindicações trabalhistas e greves. A criação do 13º enfrentou oposição por seu potencial impacto inflacionário, mas foi defendida como essencial para o bem-estar dos trabalhadores. A medida, sancionada por João Goulart, reforçou o debate sobre direitos sociais e políticas trabalhistas no Brasil da época.
Se uma empresa não pagar o 13º salário, o trabalhador pode recorrer ao Ministério do Trabalho ou à Justiça do Trabalho para reivindicar o direito. A empresa pode ser multada e obrigada a pagar o valor devido, além de possíveis indenizações. O pagamento do 13º é obrigatório e deve ser feito em duas parcelas: a primeira até 30 de novembro e a segunda até 20 de dezembro. A falta de pagamento também pode resultar em sanções administrativas e processos trabalhistas.
Fonte: Senado Notícias.
Fonte: https://www12.senado.leg.br/noticias/especiais/arquivo-s/13o-salario-foi-criado-em-meio-a-intensa-disputa-ideologica-entre-esquerda-e-direita
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